{"id":1503,"date":"2022-02-23T03:24:14","date_gmt":"2022-02-23T02:24:14","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/agridev-expertise.com\/?page_id=1503"},"modified":"2023-05-23T22:51:03","modified_gmt":"2023-05-23T21:51:03","slug":"approches-et-methodologies","status":"publish","type":"page","link":"https:\/\/agridev-expertise.com\/en\/approches-et-methodologies\/","title":{"rendered":"Approches &#038; m\u00e9thodologies"},"content":{"rendered":"<div data-elementor-type=\"wp-post\" data-elementor-id=\"1503\" class=\"elementor elementor-1503\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<section data-particle_enable=\"false\" data-particle-mobile-disabled=\"false\" class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-cfc448d elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"cfc448d\" data-element_type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-background-overlay\"><\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-33 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-f108b60\" data-id=\"f108b60\" data-element_type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-9c05df4 elementor-align-left elementor-widget elementor-widget-button\" data-id=\"9c05df4\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"button.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-button-wrapper\">\n\t\t\t<a class=\"elementor-button elementor-button-link elementor-size-xs\" href=\"https:\/\/agridev-expertise.com\/en\/approches-et-methodologies\/\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-button-content-wrapper\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-button-text\">Approches & m\u00e9thodologies<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/a>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-33 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-6f29840\" data-id=\"6f29840\" data-element_type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-c316846 elementor-align-center elementor-widget elementor-widget-button\" data-id=\"c316846\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"button.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-button-wrapper\">\n\t\t\t<a class=\"elementor-button elementor-button-link elementor-size-xs\" href=\"https:\/\/agridev-expertise.com\/en\/manuels-de-reference\/\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-button-content-wrapper\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-button-text\">Manuels de r\u00e9f\u00e9rence<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/a>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-33 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-0185a95\" data-id=\"0185a95\" data-element_type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-e892fc5 elementor-align-center elementor-widget elementor-widget-button\" data-id=\"e892fc5\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"button.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-button-wrapper\">\n\t\t\t<a class=\"elementor-button elementor-button-link elementor-size-xs\" href=\"https:\/\/agridev-expertise.com\/en\/couleurs-voix-du-sud\/\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-button-content-wrapper\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-button-text\">Couleurs & voix du Sud<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/a>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section data-particle_enable=\"false\" data-particle-mobile-disabled=\"false\" class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-18ff9ed animated-slow elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default elementor-invisible\" data-id=\"18ff9ed\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-settings=\"{&quot;animation&quot;:&quot;fadeInLeft&quot;}\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-c001867\" data-id=\"c001867\" data-element_type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-c3ff2c9 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"c3ff2c9\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t<style>\/*! elementor - v3.23.0 - 05-08-2024 *\/\n.elementor-heading-title{padding:0;margin:0;line-height:1}.elementor-widget-heading .elementor-heading-title[class*=elementor-size-]>a{color:inherit;font-size:inherit;line-height:inherit}.elementor-widget-heading .elementor-heading-title.elementor-size-small{font-size:15px}.elementor-widget-heading .elementor-heading-title.elementor-size-medium{font-size:19px}.elementor-widget-heading .elementor-heading-title.elementor-size-large{font-size:29px}.elementor-widget-heading .elementor-heading-title.elementor-size-xl{font-size:39px}.elementor-widget-heading .elementor-heading-title.elementor-size-xxl{font-size:59px}<\/style><h4 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Approches & m\u00e9thodologies\n<\/h4>\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-941928c elementor-widget-divider--view-line elementor-widget elementor-widget-divider\" data-id=\"941928c\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"divider.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t<style>\/*! elementor - v3.23.0 - 05-08-2024 *\/\n.elementor-widget-divider{--divider-border-style:none;--divider-border-width:1px;--divider-color:#0c0d0e;--divider-icon-size:20px;--divider-element-spacing:10px;--divider-pattern-height:24px;--divider-pattern-size:20px;--divider-pattern-url:none;--divider-pattern-repeat:repeat-x}.elementor-widget-divider .elementor-divider{display:flex}.elementor-widget-divider .elementor-divider__text{font-size:15px;line-height:1;max-width:95%}.elementor-widget-divider .elementor-divider__element{margin:0 var(--divider-element-spacing);flex-shrink:0}.elementor-widget-divider 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.elementor-divider-separator:before,.elementor-widget-divider--separator-type-pattern:not([class*=elementor-widget-divider--view]) .elementor-divider-separator{width:100%;min-height:var(--divider-pattern-height);-webkit-mask-size:var(--divider-pattern-size) 100%;mask-size:var(--divider-pattern-size) 100%;-webkit-mask-repeat:var(--divider-pattern-repeat);mask-repeat:var(--divider-pattern-repeat);background-color:var(--divider-color);-webkit-mask-image:var(--divider-pattern-url);mask-image:var(--divider-pattern-url)}.elementor-widget-divider--no-spacing{--divider-pattern-size:auto}.elementor-widget-divider--bg-round{--divider-pattern-repeat:round}.rtl .elementor-widget-divider .elementor-divider__text{direction:rtl}.e-con-inner>.elementor-widget-divider,.e-con>.elementor-widget-divider{width:var(--container-widget-width,100%);--flex-grow:var(--container-widget-flex-grow)}<\/style>\t\t<div class=\"elementor-divider\">\n\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-divider-separator\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section data-particle_enable=\"false\" data-particle-mobile-disabled=\"false\" class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-7c8c773 elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"7c8c773\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-settings=\"{&quot;background_background&quot;:&quot;classic&quot;}\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-no\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-aa095c6\" data-id=\"aa095c6\" data-element_type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-96e961b animated-slow elementor-invisible elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"96e961b\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-settings=\"{&quot;_animation&quot;:&quot;fadeInUp&quot;}\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t<style>\/*! elementor - v3.23.0 - 05-08-2024 *\/\n.elementor-widget-text-editor.elementor-drop-cap-view-stacked .elementor-drop-cap{background-color:#69727d;color:#fff}.elementor-widget-text-editor.elementor-drop-cap-view-framed .elementor-drop-cap{color:#69727d;border:3px solid;background-color:transparent}.elementor-widget-text-editor:not(.elementor-drop-cap-view-default) .elementor-drop-cap{margin-top:8px}.elementor-widget-text-editor:not(.elementor-drop-cap-view-default) .elementor-drop-cap-letter{width:1em;height:1em}.elementor-widget-text-editor .elementor-drop-cap{float:left;text-align:center;line-height:1;font-size:50px}.elementor-widget-text-editor .elementor-drop-cap-letter{display:inline-block}<\/style>\t\t\t\t<p><strong>Approches\u00a0: <\/strong>le m\u00e9tier d\u2019agronome de d\u00e9veloppement vise en priorit\u00e9 <strong><em>l\u2019agriculture familiale (<\/em><\/strong>idem pour<strong><em> l\u2019\u00e9levage et la p\u00eache artisanale) <\/em><\/strong>qui par son d\u00e9veloppement offre un support socio\u00e9conomique certain pour les populations b\u00e9n\u00e9ficiaires et les \u00e9conomies locales.<\/p><p>Sont cibl\u00e9es d\u2019abord les petites et moyennes exploitations agricoles et PME. Les unit\u00e9s de production de grandes tailles (priv\u00e9es ou publiques) sont \u00e9galement prises en compte \u00e0 condition de mani\u00e8re collaborative \u00e0 une prosp\u00e9rit\u00e9 de l\u2019\u00e9conomie collective locale ou nationale.<\/p><p>Pour tous les projets entrepris par l\u2019Expert, de nombreux principes sont \u00e0 respecter\u00a0:<\/p><p><strong>\u2192<\/strong> les milieux (agraires\/ ruraux) sont marqu\u00e9s par leurs <strong><em>caract\u00e8res complexes et syst\u00e9miques<\/em><\/strong> que tout projet de d\u00e9veloppement devra int\u00e9grer ;<\/p><p><strong>\u2192<\/strong><a href=\"https:\/\/agridev-expertise.com\/en\/gestion-durable-des-ressources-naturelles\/\"><strong><em>Priorit\u00e9 \u00e0 une gestion sociale et rationnelle de l\u2019eau<\/em><\/strong><\/a> notamment dans les zones arides en s\u2019inspirant des savoirs locaux et des modes de gestion et d\u2019organisation communautaires\u00a0;<\/p><p><strong>\u2192<\/strong> <a href=\"https:\/\/agridev-expertise.com\/en\/gestion-durable-des-ressources-naturelles\/\"><strong><em>Association (agriculture\/\u00e9levage)<\/em><\/strong><\/a> assurant\u00a0la reproduction de la fertilit\u00e9 des agrosyst\u00e8mes\u00a0;<\/p><p><strong>\u2192<\/strong> <a href=\"https:\/\/agridev-expertise.com\/en\/gestion-durable-des-ressources-naturelles\/\"><strong>L\u2019agroforesterie<\/strong>\u00a0:<\/a> comme syst\u00e8me de culture incontournable en zones arides tel est le cas des projets men\u00e9s par l\u2019Expert dans les oasis des pays du Maghreb et en terres sah\u00e9liennes\u00a0;<\/p><p><strong>\u2192<\/strong> <a href=\"https:\/\/agridev-expertise.com\/en\/gestion-durable-des-ressources-naturelles\/\"><strong><em>Pr\u00e9servation et valorisation de l\u2019agro-biodiversit\u00e9<\/em><\/strong>\u00a0<\/a>comme moyen de garantie de la s\u00e9curit\u00e9 et souverainet\u00e9 alimentaire fragilis\u00e9es par la monoculture. L\u00e0 aussi les savoirs populaires locaux sont source de compr\u00e9hension et de d\u00e9cision avant tout projet de d\u00e9veloppement\u00a0;<\/p><p><strong>\u2192<\/strong> <strong><em>Le participatif<\/em><\/strong>\u00a0: en inversant le<strong><em> \u00ab Top down \u00bb par le \u00ab Bottom up \u00bb, <\/em><\/strong>et ce par l\u2019implication des acteurs b\u00e9n\u00e9ficiaires du projet de d\u00e9veloppement dans toutes les \u00e9tapes de son cycle et en donnant la parole aux paysans et particuli\u00e8rement aux femmes rurales \u2026<\/p><p><strong>\u2192<\/strong><strong> \u00a0<\/strong><a href=\"https:\/\/library.oapen.org\/bitstream\/id\/32b0a027-c4a5-46b2-9f10-2f8ca74439b0\/1006186.pdf\"><strong><em>L\u2019organisation volontariste des producteurs<\/em><\/strong><\/a> et peu importe le nom ou la nature de l\u2019organisation (groupement formel ou informel, coop\u00e9rative, association professionnelle\u2026) tout projet de d\u00e9veloppement en milieu rural n\u00e9cessite un minimum d\u2019organisation des acteurs ayant subit un renforcement de capacit\u00e9s en mesure de leur permettre de porter le projet, de le d\u00e9fendre et d\u2019en assurer la p\u00e9rennit\u00e9. <strong><em>La professionnalisation des OP<\/em><\/strong> repr\u00e9sente un chantier de taille pour les intervenants en d\u00e9veloppement rural.<\/p><p>Sont privil\u00e9gi\u00e9s <strong><em>des projets int\u00e9gr\u00e9s<\/em><\/strong> avec un ancrage dans un contexte socio-\u00e9conomique global et complexe consid\u00e9rant\u00a0la durabilit\u00e9 \u00e9conomique comme \u00e9cologique et sociale.<\/p><p>Depuis plusieurs ann\u00e9es la banque mondiale comme les autres bailleurs de la coop\u00e9ration multilat\u00e9rale et bilat\u00e9rale encouragent <a href=\"https:\/\/agridev-expertise.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/05\/Systemes_agraires_et_changement_climatique_au_Sud___ed_v1.pdf\"><strong><em>des projets de d\u00e9veloppement \u00e0 vocation Climato-intelligence<\/em><\/strong><\/a><strong><em>.<\/em><\/strong><\/p><p>Les fili\u00e8res agricoles et agroalimentaires (dites <a href=\"https:\/\/agridev-expertise.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/05\/guide-giz-cdv.pdf\"><strong><em>chaines de valeur<\/em><\/strong><\/a>) repr\u00e9sentent de v\u00e9ritables moteurs de de cr\u00e9ation de richesse et de croissance au sein de l\u2019\u00e9conomie rurale villageoise.<\/p><p><strong><em>La multifonctionnalit\u00e9 de l\u2019agriculture<\/em><\/strong> m\u00e9rite de valoriser d\u2019avantage ses atouts dans des domaines extra-agricole comme <a href=\"https:\/\/agridev-expertise.com\/en\/gestion-durable-des-ressources-naturelles\/\"><strong><em>la pr\u00e9servation des paysages agraires<\/em><\/strong><\/a> et <a href=\"https:\/\/agridev-expertise.com\/en\/gestion-durable-des-ressources-naturelles\/\"><strong><em>le tourisme rural ou agro\u00e9cologique\u2026 <\/em><\/strong><\/a>\u00a0<\/p><p><strong>M\u00e9thodologies et outils\u00a0<\/strong><strong>: <\/strong>quel que soit la nature de mes interventions en tant qu\u2019expert agronome &amp; agro\u00e9conomiste et selon mes diff\u00e9rents postes\u00a0: soit comme chef de projet, coordinateur de projet, chef de mission, assistant technique &amp; \u00e9valuateur\u00a0: <strong><em>le point de d\u00e9part<\/em><\/strong> \u00e9tant avant tout le diagnostic et la compr\u00e9hension d\u2019une <strong><em>situation de r\u00e9f\u00e9rence d\u2019un agrosyst\u00e8me <\/em><\/strong>renseignant sur\u00a0: le contexte politique et socio\u00e9conomique, strat\u00e9gies et politiques publiques de d\u00e9veloppement, le march\u00e9 national ou local, \u00a0situation de la s\u00e9curit\u00e9 alimentaire, l\u2019\u00e9conomie des m\u00e9nages et moyens d\u2019existence, les bailleurs et projets existants, les principaux acteurs et le fonctionnement des chaines de valeur concern\u00e9es, contexte agro\u00e9cologique, outils et moyens de production, l\u2019organisation des producteurs et r\u00f4le de la femme rurale\u2026etc\u2026<\/p><p>La consultation de la documentation institutionnelle et entretiens avec les principaux d\u00e9cideurs et acteurs au niveau centralis\u00e9 permet de de collecter les donn\u00e9es globales en mati\u00e8re de politiques publiques, strat\u00e9gies, bailleurs et acteurs de d\u00e9veloppement locaux et \u00e9trangers.\u00a0<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-8b57f41 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"8b57f41\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t<h6 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Sur le terrain l\u2019expert a recours aux outils de compr\u00e9hension et d\u2019intervention suivants : <\/h6>\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<section data-particle_enable=\"false\" data-particle-mobile-disabled=\"false\" class=\"elementor-section elementor-inner-section elementor-element elementor-element-f5049fc animated-slow elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default elementor-invisible\" data-id=\"f5049fc\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-settings=\"{&quot;animation&quot;:&quot;fadeInUp&quot;}\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-50 elementor-inner-column elementor-element elementor-element-901b036\" data-id=\"901b036\" data-element_type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-4ed51c1 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"4ed51c1\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p><strong>\u2192<\/strong><strong> 2) Diagnostic de syst\u00e8me agraire\u00a0: <\/strong>selon mon professeur Marcel Mazoyer, c\u00e9l\u00e8bre ing\u00e9nieur agronome et enseignant-chercheur fran\u00e7ais aujourd&rsquo;hui professeur \u00e9m\u00e9rite \u00e0 AgroParisTech\u00a0: \u00ab\u00a0Un syst\u00e8me agraire est un mode d\u2019exploitation du milieu historiquement constitu\u00e9, un syst\u00e8me technique adapt\u00e9 aux conditions bioclimatiques d\u2019un espace donn\u00e9, et r\u00e9pondant aux besoins et conditions sociaux du moment\u00a0\u00bb. Le syst\u00e8me agraire est compos\u00e9 de syst\u00e8me de culture, syst\u00e8me de production et syst\u00e8me d\u2019\u00e9levage. (<strong><em>Voir plus de d\u00e9tail<\/em><\/strong>)<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-3c75542 elementor-widget elementor-widget-image\" data-id=\"3c75542\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"image.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t<style>\/*! elementor - v3.23.0 - 05-08-2024 *\/\n.elementor-widget-image{text-align:center}.elementor-widget-image a{display:inline-block}.elementor-widget-image a img[src$=\".svg\"]{width:48px}.elementor-widget-image img{vertical-align:middle;display:inline-block}<\/style>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<img fetchpriority=\"high\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"735\" height=\"552\" src=\"https:\/\/agridev-expertise.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/05\/diffrence.png\" class=\"attachment-medium_large size-medium_large wp-image-6597\" alt=\"\" srcset=\"https:\/\/agridev-expertise.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/05\/diffrence.png 735w, https:\/\/agridev-expertise.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/05\/diffrence-300x225.png 300w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 735px) 100vw, 735px\" \/>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-50 elementor-inner-column elementor-element elementor-element-437d7cf\" data-id=\"437d7cf\" data-element_type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-f8f0aaf elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"f8f0aaf\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p><strong>\u2192<\/strong> <strong>1)<\/strong> <strong>Lecture des paysages agraires<\/strong><\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-48de5a5 elementor-widget elementor-widget-image\" data-id=\"48de5a5\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"image.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<img decoding=\"async\" width=\"651\" height=\"518\" src=\"https:\/\/agridev-expertise.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/05\/lecture.png\" class=\"attachment-medium_large size-medium_large wp-image-6596\" alt=\"\" srcset=\"https:\/\/agridev-expertise.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/05\/lecture.png 651w, https:\/\/agridev-expertise.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/05\/lecture-300x239.png 300w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 651px) 100vw, 651px\" \/>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-f42ddac elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"f42ddac\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>Source\u00a0: livre de poche \u00ab\u00a0Comprendre l&rsquo;agriculture familiale, Diagnostic des syst\u00e8mes de production\u00a0\u00bb. Co-auteurs &#8211; Nicolas Ferraton et Isabelle Touzard<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-2a51c8a elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"2a51c8a\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p><strong>\u2192 3) Evaluation de la s\u00e9curit\u00e9 alimentaire et moyens d\u2019existence <\/strong>dite aussi (Household Economy &amp; livelihood)\u00a0: concepts et outils d\u2019analyse d\u00e9velopp\u00e9s par plusieurs ONG comme Save the Children ou Action Contre la Faim (ACF) et la FAO comme plusieurs autres agences onusiennes engag\u00e9es dans l\u2019appui \u00e0 la s\u00e9curit\u00e9 alimentaire, la r\u00e9silience et le d\u00e9veloppement. (<a href=\"https:\/\/agridev-expertise.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/05\/acf_guide_surveillance_securite_alimentaire__fr.pdf\"><strong><em>Voir plus de d\u00e9tail<\/em><\/strong><\/a><\/p><p><strong>\u2192<\/strong> <strong>4)<\/strong> <strong>Analyse &#8211; fili\u00e8res (chaines de valeur)\u00a0: \u00a0<\/strong>outil permettant de cartographier les bassins de production, d\u2019observer le mouvement des flux et d\u2019identifier le syst\u00e8me d\u2019acteurs et strat\u00e9gies. A l\u2019issue de l\u2019analyse, l\u2019expert peut \u00e9laborer un plan de d\u00e9veloppement de la fili\u00e8re. (<a href=\"https:\/\/agridev-expertise.com\/en\/chaines-de-valeurs-filieres\/\"><strong><em>Voir plus de d\u00e9tail<\/em><\/strong><\/a><strong><em>)<\/em>\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 <\/strong><\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<section data-particle_enable=\"false\" data-particle-mobile-disabled=\"false\" class=\"elementor-section elementor-inner-section elementor-element elementor-element-01107df elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"01107df\" data-element_type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-50 elementor-inner-column elementor-element elementor-element-ca0336c\" data-id=\"ca0336c\" data-element_type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-9829bf8 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"9829bf8\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p><strong>\u2192<\/strong>\u00a0<strong>5)<\/strong>\u00a0<strong>Plan\u00a0<\/strong><strong>de D\u00e9veloppement Local\u00a0<\/strong>(<strong>PDL<\/strong>)<strong>\u00a0:<\/strong>\u00a0en tant qu\u2019expert, je me suis souvent inspir\u00e9 dans mes interventions d\u2019un processus dit PDL d\u00e9velopp\u00e9 par la coop\u00e9ration allemande\u00a0<em>(<strong>GIZ<\/strong>)<\/em>\u00a0dans plusieurs pays du sahel comme le Tchad.<\/p><p>A l\u2019\u00e9chelle d\u2019un bassin versant, Il s\u2019agit d\u2019une approche tr\u00e8s participative bas\u00e9e sur une planification locale et d\u00e9centralis\u00e9e donnant le temps suffisant au diagnostic participatif communautaire et suivi par des (aller\/retour) fr\u00e9quent et s\u00e9ances de restitutions avec les communaut\u00e9s avant toute proposition et mise en \u0153uvre de projets. (<a href=\"https:\/\/agridev-expertise.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/05\/PRODABO-tchad.pdf\"><strong><em>Voir plus de d\u00e9tail<\/em><\/strong><\/a>)<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-50 elementor-inner-column elementor-element elementor-element-4314a7a\" data-id=\"4314a7a\" data-element_type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-b0c6366 elementor-widget elementor-widget-image\" data-id=\"b0c6366\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"image.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<img decoding=\"async\" width=\"300\" height=\"239\" src=\"https:\/\/agridev-expertise.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/05\/Plan-de-Developpement-300x239.png\" class=\"attachment-medium size-medium wp-image-6604\" alt=\"\" srcset=\"https:\/\/agridev-expertise.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/05\/Plan-de-Developpement-300x239.png 300w, https:\/\/agridev-expertise.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/05\/Plan-de-Developpement.png 509w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 300px) 100vw, 300px\" \/>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section data-particle_enable=\"false\" data-particle-mobile-disabled=\"false\" class=\"elementor-section elementor-inner-section elementor-element elementor-element-4248507 animated-slow elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default elementor-invisible\" data-id=\"4248507\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-settings=\"{&quot;animation&quot;:&quot;fadeInUp&quot;}\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-50 elementor-inner-column elementor-element elementor-element-322483a\" data-id=\"322483a\" data-element_type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-923caf5 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"923caf5\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p><strong>\u2192<\/strong><strong> 6) Gestion de cycle de projet\u00a0<\/strong>: c\u00e9l\u00e8bre et incontournable outil en ing\u00e9nierie de projets de d\u00e9veloppement. A \u00e9t\u00e9 d\u00e9velopp\u00e9 par plusieurs bailleurs multilat\u00e9raux et bilat\u00e9raux, agences onusiennes et ONG. Il existe plusieurs versions selon le type d\u2019acteurs mais les principes et orientations sont grosso modo semblables. \u00ab\u00a0La matrice\u00a0cadre logique\u00a0\u00bb en est l\u2019\u00e9l\u00e9ment central. (<a href=\"https:\/\/agridev-expertise.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/06\/manuel_de_gestion_de_cycle_de_projet.pdf\"><strong><em>Voir plus de d\u00e9tail<\/em><\/strong><\/a>)<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-50 elementor-inner-column elementor-element elementor-element-3eb58b2\" data-id=\"3eb58b2\" data-element_type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-0d58815 elementor-widget elementor-widget-image\" data-id=\"0d58815\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"image.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"574\" height=\"438\" src=\"https:\/\/agridev-expertise.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/05\/Gestion-de-cycle-de-projet.png\" class=\"attachment-large size-large wp-image-6608\" alt=\"\" srcset=\"https:\/\/agridev-expertise.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/05\/Gestion-de-cycle-de-projet.png 574w, https:\/\/agridev-expertise.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/05\/Gestion-de-cycle-de-projet-300x229.png 300w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 574px) 100vw, 574px\" \/>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-fac3f5a elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"fac3f5a\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p><strong>\u2192<\/strong><strong> 7) Evaluation de projet\u00a0: <\/strong>processus incontournable int\u00e9gr\u00e9 au cycle de projet qui consiste \u00e0 \u00e9mettre une appr\u00e9ciation le long des principales \u00e9tapes d\u2019un projet donn\u00e9\u00a0en dehors du suivi-\u00e9valuation en continu men\u00e9 par les gestionnaires internes au projet : (i) en \u00e9tape (z\u00e9ro) avant-projet par l\u2019\u00e9valuation de la situation de r\u00e9f\u00e9rence donnant lieu \u00e0 une proposition de projet, (ii) en mi-parcours, (iii) et en fin de parcours \u00e0 la cl\u00f4ture. G\u00e9n\u00e9ralement men\u00e9e par une \u00e9quipe multidisciplinaire impartiale externe au projet et mandat\u00e9e par le bailleur ou l\u2019ordonnateur national du projet\u2026<\/p><p>Elle analyse le niveau de r\u00e9alisation des r\u00e9sultats attendus mais aussi des r\u00e9sultats non pr\u00e9vus en \u00e9tudiant la cha\u00eene de r\u00e9sultats, les processus, les facteurs li\u00e9s au contexte et les relations de causalit\u00e9 en utilisant des crit\u00e8res appropri\u00e9s tels que <strong><em>la pertinence, l\u2019efficience, l\u2019efficacit\u00e9, les impacts et la durabilit\u00e9<\/em><\/strong>. Il est souvent propos\u00e9 par le demandeur de l\u2019\u00e9valuation ce qu\u2019on appelle <strong><em>des questions \u00e9valuatives pr\u00e9cises<\/em><\/strong> auxquelles l\u2019\u00e9quipe \u00e9valuatrice doit absolument r\u00e9pondre. L\u00e0 aussi il existe plusieurs manuels d\u2019\u00e9valuation o\u00f9 chacun des bailleurs associe des axes d\u2019\u00e9valuation tels que <strong><em>le genre et l\u2019\u00e9cologie<\/em><\/strong> sp\u00e9cifiques \u00e0 sa politique de d\u00e9veloppement. (<a href=\"https:\/\/agridev-expertise.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/06\/manual-evaluation-ptojet-fida-politique.pdf\"><strong><em>Voir plus de d\u00e9tail<\/em><\/strong><\/a>)<\/p><p><strong>\u2192 8) Mise en place de syst\u00e8me de suivi-\u00e9valuation ax\u00e9 sur les r\u00e9sultats avec apprentissage &amp; capitalisation\u00a0: <\/strong>outil de suivi et planification au service du responsable de la mise en \u0153uvre du projet. (<strong><em>Voir plus de d\u00e9tail<\/em><\/strong>)<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Approches &#038; m\u00e9thodologies Manuels de r\u00e9f\u00e9rence Couleurs &#038; voix du Sud Approches &#038; m\u00e9thodologies Approches\u00a0: le m\u00e9tier d\u2019agronome de d\u00e9veloppement vise en priorit\u00e9 l\u2019agriculture familiale (idem pour l\u2019\u00e9levage et la p\u00eache artisanale) qui par son d\u00e9veloppement offre un support socio\u00e9conomique certain pour les populations b\u00e9n\u00e9ficiaires et les \u00e9conomies locales. Sont cibl\u00e9es d\u2019abord les petites et [&hellip;]<\/p>","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"parent":0,"menu_order":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","template":"","meta":{"site-sidebar-layout":"no-sidebar","site-content-layout":"page-builder","ast-site-content-layout":"","site-content-style":"default","site-sidebar-style":"default","ast-global-header-display":"","ast-banner-title-visibility":"","ast-main-header-display":"","ast-hfb-above-header-display":"","ast-hfb-below-header-display":"","ast-hfb-mobile-header-display":"","site-post-title":"disabled","ast-breadcrumbs-content":"","ast-featured-img":"disabled","footer-sml-layout":"","theme-transparent-header-meta":"disabled","adv-header-id-meta":"","stick-header-meta":"","header-above-stick-meta":"","header-main-stick-meta":"","header-below-stick-meta":"","astra-migrate-meta-layouts":"default","ast-page-background-enabled":"default","ast-page-background-meta":{"desktop":{"background-color":"","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""},"tablet":{"background-color":"","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""},"mobile":{"background-color":"","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""}},"ast-content-background-meta":{"desktop":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-5)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""},"tablet":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-5)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""},"mobile":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-5)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""}},"footnotes":""},"class_list":["post-1503","page","type-page","status-publish","hentry"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/agridev-expertise.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/1503","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/agridev-expertise.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/agridev-expertise.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/page"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/agridev-expertise.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/agridev-expertise.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=1503"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/agridev-expertise.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/1503\/revisions"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/agridev-expertise.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=1503"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}